What is FIDO2 Authentication?
FIDO2 Authentication Definition: A protocol that enables strong, passwordless logins using hardware or built-in authenticators with public key cryptography.
Understanding FIDO2 Authentication
FIDO2 Authentication represents a significant advancement in solving the persistent problems with passwords—they're forgotten, reused across sites, stolen in breaches, and vulnerable to phishing. This open standard supports passwordless and multi-factor authentication using specialized security keys, built-in platform authenticators (like Windows Hello or Touch ID), or mobile devices as authenticators. Unlike passwords, which are shared secrets stored on servers, FIDO2 uses public-key cryptography where authentication is proven through private keys that never leave the user's device. This approach prevents credential theft through server breaches or phishing. The standard includes two main components: WebAuthn (a web standard for secure authentication) and CTAP (Client to Authenticator Protocol, which allows external authenticators like security keys to communicate with browsers). Organizations implementing FIDO2 typically see improved security posture, reduced account takeover incidents, and often better user experiences as frustrating password-related issues decrease. Implementation challenges include managing authenticator registration, providing account recovery options, and ensuring compatibility across different devices and platforms.