What is Classification?

Understanding Classification

Arrangement of assets into categories. Classification is the systematic process of categorizing information or assets based on sensitivity, value, criticality, and regulatory requirements. Common classification levels include Public, Internal, Confidential, and Restricted or Secret. Classification guides handling requirements, access controls, and security measures. Data classification is required by frameworks like ISO 27001, NIST SP 800-53, and regulations like GDPR and HIPAA. Organizations implement classification through formal policies, labeling systems, data loss prevention tools, and user training. For example, a government contractor might classify all contract-related documents as Confidential, requiring encryption during transmission and storage in secured repositories with access limited to cleared personnel. Related terms: Data classification, Information sensitivity, Security clearance, Handling requirements, Labeling, Controlled unclassified information.