What is Attack Tree Analysis?

Understanding Attack Tree Analysis

Attack Tree Analysis provides a methodical approach for enumerating possible attack scenarios against a system, organizing each scenario in a tree structure with the root node representing the attacker’s ultimate goal and branches detailing various methods to achieve it. Each path can be evaluated for feasibility, required resources, skill level, or attacker motivation. This visualization helps security teams identify overlooked vulnerabilities and prioritize defenses. Creating attack trees typically involves brainstorming likely adversaries and goals, mapping potential tactics and sub-tactics, and assigning attributes like cost, time, or likelihood to each node. By comparing these attributes, teams can focus remediation efforts on branches that are both likely and impactful. Challenges include determining the right level of detail—too high-level overlooks nuances, while overly detailed trees become unmanageable. Attack Tree Analysis is often used alongside threat modeling frameworks like STRIDE or MITRE ATT&CK, offering an intuitive illustration of how an adversary might progress through multiple steps to compromise assets. Updating attack trees regularly is crucial, as systems and threat landscapes evolve.